Hemodialysis is suitable for diseases such as acute and chronic renal failure. Complications include dialyzer reaction, symptomatic hypotension, and dialysis imbalance syndrome. It is recommended to inform the doctor in time when discomfort symptoms occur, and take appropriate treatment measures according to the specific situation to prevent further development of the disease.
1. Dialyzer reaction: It can be seen in first-time and repeated hemodialysis users, who may experience dyspnea, local or systemic fever, chest and back pain due to the use of new hemodialysis machines. For those with mild symptoms, symptomatic treatment measures can be taken, such as oxygen inhalation or the use of ibuprofen tablets and acetaminophen tablets as prescribed by the doctor. For those with severe symptoms, dialysis should be stopped in time and drugs such as cetirizine hydrochloride tablets and desloratadine tablets should be used as prescribed by the doctor;
2. Symptomatic hypotension: During hemodialysis, due to factors such as decreased blood volume, changes in plasma osmotic pressure, and autonomic dysfunction, systolic blood pressure drops by more than 20 mmHg or mean arterial pressure drops by more than 10 mmHg. Under the guidance of a doctor, potassium chloride solution, glucose solution, etc. can be infused intravenously to replenish blood volume and increase blood pressure;
3. Dialysis imbalance syndrome: It often occurs during hemodialysis or early after hemodialysis. Mild cases may cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, agitation, etc., and severe cases may cause convulsions, impaired consciousness, coma, etc. Symptomatic treatment can be given under the guidance of a doctor. For example, if the headache is unbearable, painkillers such as ibuprofen tablets and lysine aspirin powder can be used. If the vomiting is severe, drugs such as domperidone tablets and metoclopramide hydrochloride injection can be used;
4. Others: Hemodialysis patients may also have complications such as high fever, high blood pressure, bleeding, arrhythmia, malnutrition, etc., and corresponding measures should be taken according to the doctor's advice according to the specific situation. For example, patients with high fever can use drugs such as nimesulide capsules and analgin injection, and patients with arrhythmia can use propranolol hydrochloride tablets and verapamil hydrochloride sustained-release tablets, which can regulate heart rhythm and improve discomfort.
Hemodialysis patients should have a balanced diet, a combination of meat and vegetables, and pay attention to the reasonable intake of foods rich in nutrients such as protein, vitamins, minerals, such as fresh vegetables, meat, beans, etc. If physical conditions permit, they can exercise appropriately to improve their physical fitness and minimize the occurrence of complications.